Are you protecting yourself? Published July 8, 2011 By Rebecca Small Health and Wellness Center MALMSTROM AIR FORCE BASE, Mont. -- Sunburn is something most Air Force Global Strike Command Airmen have experienced at some point in time. Even though summer has been slow in making its way to Montana, the need for sun protection is still absolutely necessary. On overcast days, 80 percent of ultraviolet rays can penetrate through the clouds and still damage the skin. Why is sun protection necessary? Ultraviolet rays from the sun produce genetic mutations that damage skin and can potentially lead to skin cancer, eye damage, skin aging and a suppressed immune system. The most damaging of the sun's rays are UVA and UVB rays. They are at the extreme between 10 a.m and 4 p.m. April through October. However, this does not mean Airmen are safe from the dangers of the sun during the rest of the year. Sun protection is important all year. How should you take precautions to avoid the dangers of UV rays? Dress appropriately. This means wearing light-weight, light-colored clothing, long-sleeve shirts, long pants and a hat. Eye protection is extremely important. Between 5 and 10 percent of skin cancer cases occur on the eyelid. In addition, UV radiation can lead to eye diseases such as macular degeneration and cataracts. In order to avoid these diseases, choose sunglasses with a UV block. Choosing the correct sunscreen is critical. When selecting a sunscreen, look for those that are SPF 30 or higher, protect against UVA and UVB, and have ingredients that include zinc oxide, ecamsule, octocrylene and avobenzone. This must be applied to all exposed body parts. When outside, reapply every two hours; more often if taking part in physical activities or water sports. Adults should remember the following word to prepare for the sun, "STOP" · SPF 50 · Take Cover · Ocular Protection · Put on a hat. Adults with children should use the word "KNEES" when applying sunscreen for protection. · Knees · Neck · Ears · Eyes · Scalp If a family member accidentally gets burned there are some measures to decrease the discomfort: · Drink water · Take acetaminophen if you have a headache and/or slight fever or chills · Take a cool bath in tepid water to soothe and cool the skin · Apply a moisturizer · Stay out of the sun until the burn fades · Avoid future burns Skin protection is critical. While it does regenerate on a daily basis, once it has been damaged by sun overexposure it is damaged permanently.